Explaining the Pragnanz of the Application of the Principles of Visual Perception of the Gestalt Theory in the Re-Reading Historical Houses of Yazd in the Qajar Period

Abstract

Gestalt theory is one of the most influential theories in art and architecture, which focuses the process of visual perception on a unified view and integrity of the art work. Due to the alignment of the goal of visual communication and lasting effectiveness on the mind, the application of these principles is essential in architectural design. On the other hand, the traditional houses of Yazd during the Qajar period are considered to be among the most lasting architectural works of Iran, which apparently have no purpose other than lasting effectiveness in mind. In this regard, with the aim of studying the characteristics and visual perception, how to apply the laws of Gestalt visual perception in the historical houses of Yazd, to discover the quality of the impact of the laws of Gestalt visual perception on the houses and their capabilities in creating useful communication, as well as to investigate the significance of each principle of Gestalt. In order to analyze case samples, the descriptive-analytical method of Gestalt laws was used. The research method is a theory test based on 10 examples of traditional houses in Yazd during the Qajar period, which are among the most important houses, including the Golshan house, the Lari houses (Gholamohsin), the Lari houses (Ahmed), Mortaz, Rasoulian, Heiran, Farhangi and Mozafari, Ulumi houses, and Sigari Akhavan. Based on the prevalence of Gestalt principles, this research examines the role of visual perception features in the historical houses of Yazd with principles of similarity, proximity, symmetry, form and context, continuity, dependence, surface, overlapping, restoration, closure and experience, as re-reading the historical houses architecture of Yazd in the Qajar period according to the Gestalt theory of visual perception.