Comparison of the Components of the Physical Structure of the Residential Building of the Qajar Period in the Degree of Influence from the Western Architecture
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Abstract
Residential houses are one of the most important types of Iranian architecture. The history of Iran's architecture shows that traditional houses in various periods almost kept their structural system in the field of their body and mainly stylistic developments were specific to the hidden concepts in their structural field. Looking at the contemporary architecture, it can be seen that the buildings of the Qajar period, while following the past practices, influenced by the western architecture, are subject to changes in the physical structure that have led to the construction of buildings with an eclectic identity. In this regard, the present research, with the aim of extracting the components of the physical structure, tries to investigate the influence of the residential buildings of that period on the principles and concepts of Western architecture. In this article, a mixed qualitative and quantitative research method has been used. First, the components of the physical structure are extracted from the theoretical foundations, and then interviews are conducted to verify the selected samples. After that, quantitative areas will be used to check the effectiveness. It is worth mentioning that interviews are used to collect information in the qualitative stage and questionnaires are used in the quantitative stage. The software used in the quantitative part is JMP and in the qualitative part ATLASTI. The results show that there is a positive and significant correlation between the components of western architecture and the physical structure of Qajar period houses at the level of 0.01. In this regard, first the break from the past and confinement with the value of correlation (0.952), then the break from the past and fit with the value (0.932) in the second place and the confinement and the use of rotating and diagonal statue forms with the value (0.925). In the third place, they have the highest correlation between physical structures and western architectural components. The lowest correlation is between severe criticism of objects and imitative and structural schools with a value of (0.112).
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