Presenting a Proposed Model of Sustainable Performance in Traditional Residential Houses Using Critical Regionalism

Abstract

Critical regionalism has its roots in the depth of culture and nature. The new trends in critical regionalism are moving towards the concept of sustainable development. Kenneth Frampton, one of the greatest critics of critical regionalism, refers to this approach as a resistance against global standards and cultural homogeneity and the decline of modernism; there are two most important internal factors: culture and identity. This research aims to address the question of the basic conceptual model and criteria of critical regionalist architecture in order to improve the sustainable physical-social structure of residential houses in the city of Mashhad and the emergence of the greatest background of changes in culture, identity and indigenism from the perspective of critical regionalism. The aim of this research is to achieve the principles of critical regionalism, to present an effective conceptual model along with the preservation of authenticity and environmental principles. The present study uses grounded theory qualitative analysis to analyze the physical-functional typology, cultures and lifestyles of people in residential houses in Mashhad during the Pahlavi period, and to prove the research hypotheses based on the samples. This research concludes that the components of critical regionalism, considering the qualitative analysis, have the greatest impact on the form of the building, which, due to population growth, rising land values, and the result of dense and more compressed technology and sustainability, has shifted towards high-rise, complexing, etc., which is more compatible with the indigenous architecture of the region.